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如何 Review 一篇文章？

Published:  at  08:20 PM
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本文内容均来自于网上搜集到的各种文章及 Review 方法的总结以及一些句式的参考

目录

审稿方法

阅读策略

不同专家采用不同的阅读策略：

Chris Chambers（卡迪夫大学认知神经科学教授）的方法：

Michael Callaham（加州大学旧金山分校急诊护理医师和研究员）的清单方法：

  1. 文章是否写得很好？（通常在方法部分就会显现）
  2. 在前几页内是否对假设和背景有好的了解，假设是否有意义或有趣
  3. 非常仔细地阅读方法部分
  4. 关注结果的说服力和描述的仔细程度
  5. 重点检查讨论部分的背景和作者是否提出超出数据的主张

审稿记录

建议的记录方法：

多轮审阅的重要性

即使对结论很有信心，也要坚持第二天再审阅：

请务必包含在审稿中的内容

基本要求

作为审稿的一部分，请确保清楚地证明您对审稿表上每个项目的评分的合理性。

您应该通过详细总结论文来开始评论。这将传达您从论文中理解的内容，可以向作者展示读者错过或解释与作者期望不同的方面。

您可以选择澄清您在多大程度上是（或不是）论文领域的专家（特别是如果审稿表上没有询问这一点）。这可以为您的评论提供一定程度的上下文。

需要考虑的方面

这是审阅提交时要查找内容的部分清单。这些项目应该有助于指导您的评估，并为作者形成有用的评论和建议。

内容结构评价

清晰度和表达

研究贡献

技术质量

文献和理论基础

局限性和结论

写作风格

是否纠正语法和拼写

校对包括检查正确的语法、正确的拼写以及总体上论文是否”读得很好”。如您所知，拼写检查器既不检查语法也不检查理解。

作者应该对审稿人和编辑有足够的尊重，以提交一篇经过彻底校对的论文。非母语作者有责任确保他们提交的质量符合母语人士提交的质量，即使他们必须花钱请人帮助编辑过程。

然而，作为审稿人，您经常会发现作者忽略的小拼写或语法错误。在所有这些情况下，由您决定编辑论文的程度：

审稿技巧和模板

实用审稿技巧

  1. 重点关注核心要素

    • 论文写作质量
    • 创新性
    • 实验设计和结果
    • 文献引用
    • 方法的创新性和实验是最重要的两个部分

  2. 提升英语表达

    • 平时记录地道的英文表达
    • 边读边在PDF上标记觉得好和不好的地方以及原因
    • 写完意见后，用语法检查工具进行校对，然后自己再检查一次确保评审意见没有语法错误

审稿决定模板

A. 接受 (Accept)

直接接受：

The authors have made sufficient modifications according to the modification comments, and I suggest that this paper be accepted without further modification.

B. 拒绝 (Reject)

标准拒绝模板：

This paper proposes XXX. The work of this paper is clear and logical. However, I have to reject it because of the following problems:

[文法错误] There are so many errors in the manuscript, such as, in page 1, ABSTRACT, XXX would be XXX.

[创新不够] The method of this paper is not innovative enough. In fact, most of the work is done by combining other people's methods. Authors need to highlight their innovative contributions.

[实验不足] Another obvious problem with this paper is the lack of sufficient experimentation to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the proposed method. Too few experiments and too many hyperparameters make the conclusion of this paper lack persuasive.

C. 小修改/大修改 (Minor/Major Changes)

修改建议模板：

This paper proposes XXX. The work of this paper is practical and logical. However, there are some problems to be further improved as well:

[文法错误] There is at least one Spelling error in the manuscript, such as, in page 7, TABLE I, "Stabalization" would be "Stabilization". Please check the manuscript carefully.

[创新不够] The innovations in this paper focus on novel applications, and the methods and theoretical innovations are not sufficient. The author must dig deeper into the innovation points before the article can be accepted by XXX.

[实验不足] Another obvious problem with this paper is the lack of enough experimentation to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the proposed method. The author needs to do more experiments with more angles and show them in this paper.

[文献不足] For the problem of using of video information in the field of transportation, so many methods are proposed, such as, XXX, and, XXX. Perhaps the author can find inspiration by reading more literature in this field to further optimize this paper.

常见评审要点

文法错误：

创新性评估：

实验验证：

文献综述：

参考资源和延伸阅读

官方审稿指南

学术投稿和审稿通信模板

一、投稿时的Cover Letter模板

模板1：标准格式

Here within enclosed is our paper for consideration to be published on "(Journal name)". The further information about the paper is in the following:
The Title: XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
The Authors: XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX and XXXXXXXXXX
The authors claim that none of the material in the paper has been published or is under consideration for publication elsewhere.

I am the corresponding author and my address and other information is as follows:
Address: Department of XXXXXXXXX,
College of Chemistry and Enviromental Science, Henan Normal University
Xinxiang City, Henan Province, 453007,
P.R.China
E-mail: [邮箱地址]
Tel: +86-XXX-XXXXXXX
Fax: +86-XXX-XXXXXXX

Thank you very much for consideration!

Sincerely Yours,
Dr. XXX

模板2：简洁格式

Dear Dr. [编辑姓名]:
I am sending a manuscript entitled "论文标题" by [作者姓名] which I should like to submit for possible publication in the journal of [期刊名称].

Yours sincerely
[您的姓名]

模板3：针对性格式

Dear Dr. [编辑姓名]:
Enclosed is a manuscript entitled "论文标题" by [作者姓名], which we are submitting for publication in the journal of [期刊名称]. We have chosen this journal because it deals with [期刊涉及领域]. We believe that [论文内容] would be of interest to the journal's readers.

模板4：完整性格式

Dear Dr. [编辑姓名]:
Please find enclosed for your review an original research article, "论文标题" by [作者姓名]. All authors have read and approve this version of the article, and due care has been taken to ensure the integrity of the work. No part of this paper has published or submitted elsewhere. No conflict of interest exits in the submission of this manuscript, and we have attached to this letter the signed letter granting us permission to use Figure 1 from another source.

We appreciate your consideration of our manuscript, and we look forward to receiving comments from the reviewers.

二、询问稿件状态模板

询问是否收到稿件

Dear Editors,
We dispatched our manuscript to your journal on [投稿日期] but have not, as yet, receive acknowledgement of their safe arrival. We fear that may have been lost and should be grateful if you would let us know whether or not you have received them. If not, we will send our manuscript again. Thank you in advance for your help.

Sincerely,
[您的姓名]

询问审稿进度

Dear Editors，
It is more than [等待时间，如12 weeks] since I submitted our manuscript (No: [稿件编号]) for possible publication in your journal. I have not yet received a reply and am wondering whether you have reached a decision. I should appreciated your letting me know what you have decided as soon as possible.

Sincerely,
[您的姓名]

三、审稿意见常用表达

正面评价：

  1. “This is a carefully done study and the findings are of considerable interest. A few minor revision are list below.”
  2. “This is a well-written paper containing interesting results which merit publication. For the benefit of the reader, however, a number of points need clarifying and certain statements require further justification.”
  3. “Although this paper is good, it would be ever better if some extra data were added.”

建议拒绝：

  1. “Although these observation are interesting, they are rather limited and do not advance our knowledge of the subject sufficiently to warrant publication in [期刊名称]. We suggest that the authors try submitting their findings to specialist journal such as [其他期刊]”
  2. “This manuscript is not suitable for publication in the journal of [期刊名称] because the main observation it describe was reported 3 years ago in a reputable journal of [其他期刊].”

语言问题：

  1. “Please ask someone familiar with English language to help you rewrite this paper. As you will see, I have made some correction at the beginning of the paper where some syntax is not satisfactory.”
  2. “We feel that this potentially interesting study has been marred by an inability to communicate the finding correctly in English and should like to suggest that the authors seek the advice of someone with a good knowledge of English, preferable native speaker.”
  3. “The wording and style of some section, particularly those concerning [具体技术], need careful editing. Attention should be paid to the wording of those parts of the Discussion of and Summary which have been underlined.”

实验和方法问题：

  1. “Preliminary experiments only have been done and with exception of that summarized in Table 2, none has been repeated. This is clearly unsatisfactory, particularly when there is so much variation between assays.”
  2. “The condition of incubation are poorly defined. What is the temperature? Were antibody used?”

四、回复审稿意见模板

总体回应：

  1. “In reply to the referee’s main criticism of paper, it is possible to say that [解释说明]”
  2. “Thank you for your letter of [日期] and for the referee’s comments concerning our manuscript entitled “论文标题”. We have studied their comments carefully and have made correction which we hope meet with their approval.”
  3. “We are sending the revised manuscript according to the comments of the reviewers. Revised portion are underlined in red.”

具体修改回应：

  1. “One minor point raised by the referee concerns of the extra composition of the reaction mixture in Figure 1. This has now been corrected. Further minor changes had been made on page 3, paragraph 1 (line 3-8) and 2 (line 6-11).”
  2. “We deleted the relevant passage since they are not essential to the contents of the paper.”
  3. “The running title has been changed to [新标题].”
  4. “The Materials and Methods section now includes details for measuring uptake of isotope and assaying hexokinase.”
  5. “The concentration of HAT media (page12 paragraph 2) was incorrectly stated in the original manuscript. This has been rectified. The authors are grateful to the referees for pointing out their error.”

补充实验回应：

  1. “I enclosed a revised manuscript which includes a report of additional experiments done at the referee’s suggestion. You will see that our original findings are confirmed.”
  2. “We have therefore completed a further series of experiments, the result of which are summarized in Table 5. From this we conclude that intrinsic factor is not account.”

感谢和结尾：

  1. “We found the referee’s comments most helpful and have revised the manuscript.”
  2. “We are pleased to note the favorable comments of reviewers in their opening sentence.”
  3. “Thank you for your letter. I am very pleased to learn that our manuscript is acceptable for publication in [期刊名称] with minor revision.”
  4. “We should like to thank the referees for their helpful comments and hope that we have now produced a more balance and better account of our work. We trust that the revised manuscript is acceptable for publication.”
  5. “I greatly appreciate both your help and that of the referees concerning improvement to this paper. I hope that the revised manuscript is now suitable for publication.”
  6. “I apologize for the delay in revising the manuscript. This was due to our doing an additional experiment, as suggested by referees.”
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